In balloon framing, what is the name of the horizontal member attached to the studs that carries the second floor joists?

In balloon framing, the horizontal member attached to the studs that supports the second-floor joists is known as a ribbon. This component is a critical part of the framing process as it provides horizontal support for the joists that will span across the walls of the structure. The ribbon also helps to stiffen the walls and can assist in distributing loads more evenly.

The other terms are specific to different framing elements or functions. Beams are larger, structural supports that can carry significant loads and are often used for supporting the entire structure rather than just the floor joists. Rafters are sloped members that form the framework of a pitched roof and do not play a role in supporting the second floor. Joists are horizontal members that actually span between supports and carry loads from the floor above but are not the horizontal connection piece attached to the studs. Therefore, ribbon is the correct term that accurately describes this specific aspect of balloon framing.