What are the three components of a low-e window?

The components of a low-e window play a crucial role in energy efficiency and thermal performance. The correct answer identifies the essential elements involved in the construction of a low-emissivity window.

A low-e window typically consists of a clear outer pane, which allows visible light to enter while providing a first layer of protection against external elements. The air space between the panes acts as insulation, reducing heat transfer between the inside and outside of the window. Finally, the coating on the inside of the air gap serves as a low-emissivity layer that reflects infrared energy while allowing visible light to pass through. This coating greatly reduces the heat loss during the winter and minimizes heat gain in the summer, making it an effective component for enhancing the energy efficiency of buildings.

The other options do not accurately capture the essential components of a low-e window. For instance, the presence of a solid inner pane or options mentioning insulated frames focus on different aspects of window construction that do not specifically highlight the low-e technology used for improving insulation and reducing energy loss. Therefore, the identification of the clear outer pane, air space, and low-e coating as the main components is the most accurate response regarding low-e windows.